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Chinese Grammar: Expressing a learned skill with 会
 
The word 会 (huì) can be used to express an ability that has been learned (a skill). In this case 会 (huì) is an auxiliary verb.
 
Basic Usage
Structure: Subj. + 会 + Verb + Obj.
This structure is the easiest way to express all kinds of skills, from languages, to sports, to skills in daily life such as cooking and driving.
Examples:
他会说中文。(tā huì shuō Zhōngwén) = He can speak Chinese.
我会写汉字。(wǒ huì xiě Hànzì) = I can write Chinese characters.
你会做饭吗?(nǐ huì zuòfàn ma) = Can you cook food?
狗会唱歌吗?(gǒu huì chànggē ma) = Can dogs sing?
爸爸会开车。(bàba huì kāichē) = Dad can drive.
 
Negating 会 (huì) Sentences
会 (huì) sentences are negated with 不 (bù), which is inserted in front of 会 (huì):
Structure: Subj. + 不 + 会 + Verb + Obj.
Again, this is the simplest way to express the lack of a learned ability. So while "can't" is a natural translation for "不会" (bù huì) in English, "don't know how to" is equally correct (and perhaps more helpful).
Also, due to a tone change rule for "不" (bù), the phrase "不会" (bù huì) is actually pronounced "bú huì."
Examples:
我不会说英文。 (wǒ bù huì shuō Yīngwén) = I can't speak English.
妈妈不会做中国菜。(māma bù huì zuò Zhōngguó cài) = Mom can't cook Chinese food.
你不会游泳吗? (nǐ bù huì yóuyǒng ma) = You can't swim?
我奶奶不会用电脑。(wǒ nǎinai bù huì yòng diànnǎo) = My grandmother can't use a computer.
你不会开车吗?(nǐ bù huì kāichē ma) = You can't drive a car?
Note that if we say 我不能说中文 (wǒ bù néng shuō Zhōngwén), the speaker is saying that he can't speak Chinese for some reason other than his own ability, perhaps because speaking Chinese in English class is forbidden.
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