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Chinese Grammar: Expressing fractions with 分之
 
分之 (fēn zhī) is used to express fractions in Chinese. When expressing a fraction, the denominator is always said before the numerator. This pattern is also the way percentages are expressed in Chinese.
So "½" is read 二分之一 (èr fēn zhī yī), literally "1 of 2 portions." Note the order: it's NOT 一分之二 (yī fēn zhī èr). So "¾" is 四分之三 (sì fēn zhī sān), and "⅚" is 六分之五 (liù fēn zhī wǔ). To say a percentage, for example, 50 percent, you would say 百分之五十 (bǎi fēn zhī wǔshí), which is literally the same as how you would pronounce the equivalent fraction "50 hundredths."
 
Basic Pattern
Structure: Denominator + 分之 + Numerator
Remember that the denominator is the bottom number in a fraction, but it comes first in spoken Chinese. Knowing that this order actually totally fits the overall "big to small" Chinese cultural pattern might help you to remember.
Examples:
我的手机电量只有百分之五了。(wǒ de shǒujī diànliàng zhǐ yǒu bǎi fēn zhī wǔ le) = My phone only has 5% power left.
这个文件已经下载了三分之二。(zhège wénjiàn yǐjīng xiàzǎi le sān fēn zhī èr) = This document is two-thirds downloaded.
这篇文章有五分之三是抄别人的。(zhè piān wénzhāng yǒu wǔ fēn zhī sān shì chāo biérén de) = Three fifths of this article has been copied from others.
差不多三分之一的美国人有护照。(chàbuduō sān fēn zhī yī de Měiguó rén yǒu hùzhào) = About one third of Americans have passports.
我们学校四分之三的老师都是男老师。(wǒmen xuéxiào sì fēn zhī sān de lǎoshī dōu shì nán lǎoshī) = Three fourths of the teachers at our school are male teachers.
 
Advanced Pattern
This structure is what you'll often see in news stories that use statistics. The word 占 (zhàn) is a bit more formal and means something like "comprises" or "makes up" or "accounts for."
Structure: A + 是 / 占 + B + 的 + Denominator + 分之 + Numerator
Examples:
我们公司的外国员工占三分之一。(wǒmen gōngsī de wàiguó yuángōng zhàn sān fēn zhī yī) = One third of our company's employees are foreigners.
美国人口是中国的五分之一。(měiguó rénkǒu shì Zhōngguó de wǔ fēn zhī yī) = The USA's population is one fifth of China's.
押金是房租的百分之二十。(yājīn shì fángzū de bǎifēn zhī èrshí) = The deposit is 20% of the rent.
期末考试成绩占总成绩的百分之三十。(qīmò kǎoshì chéngjì zhàn zǒng chéngjì de bǎi fēn zhī sānshí) = The final exam grade accounts for 30% of the final grade.
在美国,全职妈妈差不多占五分之二。(zài Měiguó, quánzhí māma chàbuduō zhàn wǔ fēn zhī èr) = In the US, full-time mothers are about two fifths of all mothers.
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