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Chinese Grammar: Expressing "already" with just 了
 
You understand the word 已经 (yǐjīng) to mean "already" in Chinese, and it is followed with a 了 (le). However, sometimes, that feeling of "already" can also be expressed with 了 (le) alone if it is used in response to a preceding question or statement.
 
Structure: Subj. + [Verb Phrase] + 了
 
Examples:
When "already" is implied using this structure, it is usually (if not always) in response to a preceding question or statement. Therefore, the following examples are in dialog format.
 
A: 老板呢? (lǎobǎn ne) = Where is the boss?
B: 他走了。 (tā zǒu le) = He has (already) left.
 
A: 孩子还在上大学吗? (háizi hái zài shàng dàxué ma) =  Are your kids still in college?
B: 他们工作了。 (tāmen gōngzuò le) = They (already) work.
 
A: 用我的车吧? (yòng wǒ de chē ba) = How about using my car?
B: 谢谢,我们有车了。 (xièxie, wǒmen yǒu chē le) = Thanks. We (already) have a car.
 
A: 你要不要告诉他? (nǐ yào bu yào gàosu tā) = Are you going to tell him?
B: 他知道了。 (tā zhīdào le) = He (already) knows.
 
A: 你应该问老师。 (nǐ yīnggāi wèn lǎoshī) = You should ask the teacher.
B: 我问了。 (wǒ wèn le) = I've (already) asked.
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